Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes

Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes

Lymph nodes are bean-shaped structures that cluster along the lymphatic vessels in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions. Each node is divided into compartments by a capsule that extends trabeculae inward.
From a histological perspective, lymph nodes can be split into two main areas: the superficial cortex and the deep medulla. The outer cortex is populated by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, which are densely packed into follicles. When these B-lymphocytes are presented...

Node Analysis for AC Circuits

Node Analysis for AC Circuits

Consider an angioplasty system featuring a catheter equipped with a turbine, a critical tool for removing plaque deposits from coronary arteries. This intricate medical device operates using a circuit model reminiscent of a dual-node RLC circuit powered by a current-controlled voltage source.
To unravel the complexities of this system, nodal analysis is employed, a powerful technique founded on Kirchhoff's current law (KCL), which remains valid for phasors. AC circuits can effectively be...

National Nursing Organizations I

National Nursing Organizations I

Nursing organizations assume a significant role in consistently developing the nursing profession through education, research studies, establishing practice standards, and reforming health policies. Typically, nursing organizations operate at the regional, national, and international levels. For example, the International Council of Nurses (ICN) represents more than 28 million nurses worldwide. In contrast, the American Nurses Association (ANA) is a membership organization representing nurses...

National Nursing Organizations II

National Nursing Organizations II

Nursing organizations play a vital role in representing nurses working in specialized clinical settings, such as the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN).
The AACN emphasizes a healthy work environment through six standards to achieve an optimal patient outcome. The standards are appropriate staffing, meaningful recognition, collaboration, authentic leadership, effective communication, and decision-making. In addition, AACN provides certification programs, webinars, journals, and...

Position-effect Variegation

Position-effect Variegation

In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.

Fixed Action Patterns

Fixed Action Patterns

A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Preventing Postpartum Pelvic Floor Dysfunction: Clinical Evidence and Policy Gaps in U.S. Coverage of Pelvic Floor Muscle Therapy.

Urology·2026

Same author

TIL cell therapy in HIV positive patient with metastatic melanoma: case report.

Frontiers in oncology·2026

Same author

Quality in Surgery: Concepts, Measurement, Advances and Strategies for Improvement.

World journal of surgery·2026

Same author

Corrigendum to "The benefit of sentinel lymph node biopsy in elderly patients with melanoma: A retrospective analysis of SEER-Medicare data (2010-2018)" [Am J Surg 237 (2024) 115896].

American journal of surgery·2026

Same author

"Fairness" at Last? Aligning Coding to Reflect Operative Complexity in Surgical Oncology.

Journal of the American College of Surgeons·2026

Same author

Pathogenic germline variants associated with different HER2 expression among breast cancer patients.

Discover oncology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Biopsy for Endometrial Cancer at Early Stage with Laparoscopy

Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Biopsy for Endometrial Cancer at Early Stage with Laparoscopy

Published on: August 19, 2021

National practice patterns of completion lymph node dissection for sentinel node-positive melanoma.

D Brock Hewitt^1,2,3, Ryan P Merkow^1,2, John Oliver DeLancey¹

¹Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center (SOQIC), Department of Surgery and Center for Healthcare Studies, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.

Journal of Surgical Oncology

|August 12, 2018

Summary

Close observation is a viable alternative to completion lymph node dissection (CLND) for select melanoma patients with minimal sentinel lymph node (SLN) tumor burden. CLND utilization decreased over time, influenced by patient factors and tumor location.

Keywords:

neoplasms outcomes registries

More Related Videos

Multispectral Real-time Fluorescence Imaging for Intraoperative Detection of the Sentinel Lymph Node in Gynecologic Oncology

Multispectral Real-time Fluorescence Imaging for Intraoperative Detection of the Sentinel Lymph Node in Gynecologic Oncology

Published on: October 20, 2010

Dissection and 2-Photon Imaging of Peripheral Lymph Nodes in Mice

Dissection and 2-Photon Imaging of Peripheral Lymph Nodes in Mice

Published on: August 23, 2007

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Biopsy for Endometrial Cancer at Early Stage with Laparoscopy

Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Biopsy for Endometrial Cancer at Early Stage with Laparoscopy

Published on: August 19, 2021

Multispectral Real-time Fluorescence Imaging for Intraoperative Detection of the Sentinel Lymph Node in Gynecologic Oncology

Multispectral Real-time Fluorescence Imaging for Intraoperative Detection of the Sentinel Lymph Node in Gynecologic Oncology

Published on: October 20, 2010

Dissection and 2-Photon Imaging of Peripheral Lymph Nodes in Mice

Dissection and 2-Photon Imaging of Peripheral Lymph Nodes in Mice

Published on: August 23, 2007

Area of Science:

Melanoma research
Surgical oncology
Cancer epidemiology

Background:

Close observation is an alternative to completion lymph node dissection (CLND) for select melanoma patients with minimal sentinel lymph node (SLN) tumor burden.
Understanding practice patterns of CLND utilization is crucial for optimizing melanoma treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the utilization of CLND in clinically node-negative Stage III melanoma patients with a positive SLN biopsy.
To identify factors associated with the decision to forgo CLND in favor of observation.

Main Methods:

Analysis of the National Cancer Database (2012-2015) for Stage III melanoma patients with positive SLNB.
Hierarchical logistic regression models to determine factors influencing observation versus CLND.

Main Results:

Of 131,171 patients, 55,688 had SLNB, and 7,200 had metastatic disease in the SLN.
CLND was performed in 57.0% of patients with a positive SLNB.
Factors favoring observation included lower extremity primary tumor location, older age, multiple comorbidities, and later diagnosis year (2015).

Conclusions:

CLND utilization in melanoma varies significantly based on patient characteristics and has decreased over time.
Close observation is increasingly recognized for selected patients with low SLN tumor burden.
Improved cancer registry data is needed to ensure appropriate CLND use in melanoma management.