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Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Genotyping Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome by Pyrosequencing
Published on: February 10, 2023
Spectrofluorometric genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms using carbon dots as fluorophores
Hasan Motaghi1, Masoud Ayatollahi Mehrgardi1
1Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
Abstract:
In the present manuscript, a new spectrofluorometric method for the genotyping of various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using carbon dots (CDs) is investigated. For the construction of the assay, thiolated probe DNA is self-assembled on a gold surface via sulfur‑gold chemistry and afterward, the probe is partially hybridized with a longer target DNA strand. Subsequently, the unhybridized section of the target DNA is hybridized with a capture DNA to form the DNA double-helix self-assembled monolayer on the gold surface. Finally, CDs surface amine groups are covalently attached to the 5' phosphate groups of various monobases (MB-CDs) using phosphoramidite chemistry. In this method, genotyping of SNPs is based on following the changes in fluorescence intensity of the MB-CDs suspensions before and after incubation with DNA modified gold surface. The assay is straightforward with no need for target labeling and is sensitive and low cost enough to genotype various SNPs independent of their position in a DNA double helix with an acceptable limit of detections in picomolar ranges.
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