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Divergent Roles for TRAIL in Lung Diseases
Adam T Braithwaite1, Helen M Marriott1, Allan Lawrie1
1Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in Medicine
|August 14, 2018
Summary
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) plays complex roles in lung diseases. While it can harm in pulmonary arterial hypertension, TRAIL protects against fibrosis and aids immune responses in infections, but promotes airway inflammation in COPD and asthma.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a cytokine with diverse cellular functions.
- TRAIL is known for its role in apoptosis induction, particularly in cancer cells.
- It also influences non-canonical pathways like survival, migration, and proliferation via kinase signaling.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifaceted roles of TRAIL in various lung diseases.
- To highlight TRAIL's involvement in angiogenesis, inflammation, and immune regulation within the lung.
- To explore the potential of targeting TRAIL signaling for novel therapeutic strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating TRAIL in lung disease models and patient samples.
- Analysis of TRAIL's function in pulmonary arterial hypertension, fibrosis, airway diseases (COPD, asthma), and respiratory infections.
- Examination of TRAIL's impact on cellular processes like apoptosis, angiogenesis, and inflammation.
Main Results:
- TRAIL is detrimental in pulmonary arterial hypertension, promoting vascular remodeling.
- TRAIL exhibits protective effects in pulmonary fibrosis by inducing neutrophil apoptosis.
- TRAIL exacerbates airway inflammation and remodeling in COPD and asthma, but aids immune responses in respiratory infections.
Conclusions:
- TRAIL has context-dependent and often opposing roles in lung diseases.
- Understanding TRAIL's complex signaling is crucial for developing targeted lung disease therapies.
- Further research into TRAIL's specific functions can unlock new treatment avenues for respiratory conditions.
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