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Microfluidic Flow Cell Array for Controlled Cell Deposition in Engineered Musculoskeletal Tissues.

David Ede1, Nikki Davidoff2, Alejandro Blitch1

  • 11 Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah.

Tissue Engineering. Part C, Methods
|August 14, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a microfluidic flow cell array (MFCA) for precise control over cell patterns in tissue engineering. This method enables the creation of complex cell gradients and transitions for improved musculoskeletal tissue integration.

Keywords:
cell printingcomposite tissuegradientsinterfacesintervertebral discstem cell

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Musculoskeletal tissues rely on precise extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell type gradients for function and integration.
  • Current tissue engineering (TE) methods struggle to replicate these complex gradients, hindering the development of functional engineered tissues.
  • There is a need for advanced TE techniques to create integration and transition zones for tissue anchoring and mechanical integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel microfluidic flow cell array (MFCA) for precise control of cell deposition in TE constructs.
  • To demonstrate the capability of MFCA to generate tunable cell patterns, densities, and gradients.
  • To create multi-cell type transitions mimicking musculoskeletal tissue integration zones.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a microfluidic flow cell array (MFCA) with a 12-channel pilot printhead for controlled cell deposition.
  • Deposited human adipose-derived stem cells and human osteoblasts onto TE constructs.
  • Engineered two-cell and three-cell-type transitions to replicate native musculoskeletal tissue integration zones.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated precise and reproducible control over cell deposition patterns and densities using MFCA.
  • Achieved the creation of tunable cell population gradients on engineered constructs.
  • Established the production of multi-cell transitions and interfaces, showcasing MFCA's versatility.

Conclusions:

  • MFCA technology offers a powerful tool for precisely controlling cell patterning in tissue engineering.
  • This method has significant potential for creating diverse engineered musculoskeletal tissues with controlled cellular architecture.
  • Customizable MFCA printhead designs can be adapted for a wide range of TE applications and tissue types.