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Related Concept Videos

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods01:17

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods

240
Alternative drug dissolution methods include the rotating bottle, intrinsic dissolution test, peristalsis, and the Franz diffusion cell method. The rotating bottle method involves meticulously rotating tightly capped controlled-release beads in a temperature-controlled bath. Periodic decanting of samples allows for residue assay, followed by refilling with fresh medium and testing at various pH levels to emulate the gastrointestinal tract conditions.In contrast, the intrinsic dissolution test...
240
Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model01:15

Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model

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Dissolution, the process by which drug particles dissolve in a solvent, is explained by the diffusion layer model, a theoretical framework that simulates the absorption of oral drugs and allows us to analyze experimental data.
This process starts with a thin layer, saturated with the drug, forming at the interface between the solid and liquid. The solute then diffuses from this layer into the main solution. The Noyes-Whitney equation suggests that the rate of dissolution relies on the diffusion...
1.8K
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

734
Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
734
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug pKa, Lipophilicity and GI pH01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug pKa, Lipophilicity and GI pH

3.2K
Drug absorption within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex process influenced by several critical factors, including the site pH, the drug's dissociation constant (pKa), and the drug's lipophilicity. The GI tract exhibits a pH gradient, with an acidic environment in the stomach and a more alkaline environment in the small intestine. This pH variation directly affects the ionization state of drugs.
A drug's pKa and the pH of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract play crucial roles...
3.2K
Drug Dissolution: Requirements and Profile Comparison01:14

Drug Dissolution: Requirements and Profile Comparison

282
The acceptance criteria for dissolution profile data are anchored in Q values, representing the percentage of drug dissolved within a specified period. This assessment unfolds in three stages:First Stage: The test passes if all six drug dosage units are equal to or greater than Q plus 5%; otherwise, the sample proceeds to the second stage.Second Stage: The average of twelve units must be equal to or greater than Q, with no unit falling below Q - 15% to pass; if not, it progresses to the final...
282
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Drug Dissolution01:27

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Drug Dissolution

1.2K
The pharmacokinetic journey of drugs from solid oral dosage forms into systemic circulation is multifaceted. It begins with disintegration, a prerequisite ensuring a solid dosage form's subdivision into minute particles. Dissolution occurs next as these granulated entities solubilize in gastrointestinal fluids. This solubilization is crucial for the succeeding stage, permeation, which describes the traversal of the drug across the intestinal membrane and its subsequent entry into the blood...
1.2K

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Preparation of Graphene-Supported Microwell Liquid Cells for In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
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Entrapment and Dissolution of Microbubbles Inside Microwells.

Xiaolai Li, Yuliang Wang, Binglin Zeng

  • 1Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , 12-211 Donadeo Innovation Centre for Engineering , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada T6G1H9.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|August 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microbubbles trapped in microwells on hydrophobic surfaces dissolve slower than expected. Geometric blockage of gas diffusion reduces dissolution rates, impacting applications like superhydrophobic materials and drug delivery.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Surface science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Immersed surface micro- and nanobubbles are crucial for superhydrophobic materials, drug delivery, and mineral flotation.
  • Understanding bubble formation, evolution, and dissolution is key to optimizing these applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the entrapment and dissolution dynamics of microbubbles on a microwell-structured hydrophobic surface.
  • To analyze the influence of gas undersaturation and geometric effects on microbubble dissolution rates.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic investigation of microbubble footprint diameter and contact angle evolution.
  • Controlled variation of gas undersaturation levels.
  • Comparison of experimental findings with theoretical predictions for planar surfaces.

Main Results:

  • Microbubble dissolution on microwell surfaces occurs in a constant contact angle mode.
  • Higher gas undersaturation accelerates the dissolution process.
  • Geometric partial blockage of diffusive flux within microwells reduces dissolution rates compared to planar surfaces.

Conclusions:

  • The study quantifies microbubble dissolution on structured hydrophobic surfaces.
  • Microwell geometry significantly impacts bubble dissolution kinetics.
  • Findings provide insights for designing advanced hydrophobic surfaces and optimizing related technologies.