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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

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Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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Nuclear Transmutation03:20

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Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
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A Novel Use of Three-dimensional High-frequency Ultrasonography for Early Pregnancy Characterization in the Mouse
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No. 239-Obesity in Pregnancy.

Gregory A L Davies1, Cynthia Maxwell2, Lynne McLeod3

  • 1Kingston, ON.

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal D'Obstetrique Et Gynecologie Du Canada : JOGC
|August 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review provides guidance for managing pregnant women with obesity, focusing on antenatal and intrapartum care to improve maternal and perinatal outcomes. Recommendations aim to enhance clinician awareness and patient education for healthier pregnancies.

Keywords:
Caesarean sectionObesitybody mass indexdecision to delivery intervalobstetric anaesthesiapregnancyultrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Maternal obesity presents significant challenges in pregnancy care.
  • Obesity impacts both maternal and perinatal health outcomes.
  • Effective management strategies are crucial for this growing population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize evidence on the effects of maternal obesity during pregnancy.
  • To develop clinical recommendations for counselling and managing obese parturients.
  • To improve antenatal and intrapartum care for women with obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search including Medline, Cochrane Library, and Statistics Canada.
  • Inclusion of systematic reviews, RCTs, and observational studies up to April 2009.
  • Evaluation of evidence by expert committees (Maternal Fetal Medicine and Clinical Practice Obstetric Committees of the SOGC).

Main Results:

  • Maternal obesity affects antenatal and intrapartum care provision.
  • Increased risks of maternal morbidity and mortality are associated with obesity in pregnancy.
  • Perinatal morbidity and mortality rates are also impacted by maternal obesity.

Conclusions:

  • Implementation of recommendations can improve clinician recognition of issues in managing pregnant women with obesity.
  • Enhanced communication within obstetrical care teams is a key benefit.
  • Promoting pre-pregnancy healthy weight is essential for public health initiatives.