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Differentiation Capacity of Human Aortic Perivascular Adipose Progenitor Cells
Published on: March 5, 2019
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Rab27a Regulates Human Perivascular Adipose Progenitor Cell Differentiation
Joshua M Boucher1, Michael Robich1,2, S Spencer Scott1
1Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, 81 Research Drive, Scarborough, ME, 04072, USA.
Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy
|August 15, 2018
Summary
Human perivascular adipose tissue progenitor cells (APCs) can differentiate into adipocytes. The protein Rab27a is crucial for adipocyte maturation in human PVAT, impacting lipid accumulation and differentiation markers.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Adipose Tissue Biology
- Cellular Metabolism
Background:
- Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) influences vascular tone via paracrine signaling.
- Obesity alters PVAT cytokine secretion towards a proinflammatory profile, contributing to cardiovascular disease.
- Limited research exists on human PVAT biology, particularly its resident adipose progenitor cells (APCs).
Purpose of the Study:
- Characterize human PVAT-derived APCs and their role in PVAT expansion during obesity.
- Investigate the function of Rab27a, a protein regulating secretion, in human PVAT.
- Understand the mechanisms underlying PVAT's contribution to cardiometabolic dysfunction.
Main Methods:
- Human ascending aorta PVAT was collected from cardiovascular disease patients undergoing CABG.
- APCs were isolated, cultured, and characterized for progenitor markers using flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and immunoblot.
- Adipogenic potential was assessed, and the role of Rab27a in APC differentiation was studied using siRNA knockdown.
Main Results:
- Human PVAT-APCs were identified as CD45-/CD31- and CD73+/CD105+/CD140A+.
- These APCs differentiated into multilocular, UCP1-producing adipocytes in vitro.
- Rab27a knockdown significantly reduced lipid accumulation and adipogenic differentiation markers in PVAT-APCs.
Conclusions:
- Human PVAT-APCs express standard progenitor markers and can differentiate into UCP1-expressing adipocytes.
- Endogenous Rab27a plays a critical role in promoting adipocyte maturation from human PVAT-derived APCs.
- These findings highlight Rab27a as a potential therapeutic target for modulating PVAT function in cardiometabolic diseases.
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