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Related Concept Videos

Classifying Matter by State02:49

Classifying Matter by State

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Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter is all around us; the air, water, soil, mountains, even our bodies are all examples of matter. Matter is divided into three states — solid, liquid, and gas — that are commonly found on earth. The fourth state of matter, plasma, occurs naturally in the interiors of stars. 
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Classification of Illness01:17

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The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
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The earliest recorded discussion of the basic structure of matter comes from ancient Greek philosophers. Leucippus and Democritus argued that all matter was composed of small, finite particles that they called atomos, meaning “indivisible.” Later, Aristotle and others came to the conclusion that matter consisted of various combinations of the four “elements” — fire, earth, air, and water — and could be infinitely divided. Interestingly, these philosophers...
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Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
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Factors Affecting Illness01:18

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When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
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The frequency-domain technique, commonly used in analyzing and designing feedback control systems, is effective for linear, time-invariant systems. However, it falls short when dealing with nonlinear, time-varying, and multiple-input multiple-output systems. The time-domain or state-space approach addresses these limitations by utilizing state variables to construct simultaneous, first-order differential equations, known as state equations, for an nth-order system.
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Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
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Rehabilitation use in multiple sclerosis: Do illness representations matter?

Manuela Glattacker1, Jürgen M Giesler1, Katharina Klindtworth1

  • 1Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Brain and Behavior
|August 15, 2018
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Summary

Understanding how patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) perceive their illness is key. Addressing these perceptions can increase the use of rehabilitation services, leading to better health outcomes for MS patients.

Keywords:
illness representationmultiple sclerosisrehabilitationutilization

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Area of Science:

  • Neurorehabilitation
  • Health Psychology
  • Patient-Reported Outcomes

Background:

  • Multidisciplinary rehabilitation is recommended for multiple sclerosis (MS) to improve outcomes.
  • Many individuals with MS do not utilize available rehabilitation services.
  • Barriers to rehabilitation use in MS are not well understood, but illness perceptions predict service use in other conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between illness representations and past rehabilitation use in MS.
  • To explore the link between illness representations and future rehabilitation intentions in MS.
  • To determine if these associations persist beyond sociodemographic and illness-related factors.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional nationwide online survey conducted in Germany.
  • Inclusion of 590 participants diagnosed with MS.
  • Hierarchical binary logistic regression analysis to assess predictors of rehabilitation use and intention.

Main Results:

  • Illness representations were significantly associated with both past rehabilitation use and future intentions.
  • Patients who believed MS was treatable and perceived severe consequences were more likely to use or intend to use rehabilitation.
  • These associations remained significant after controlling for sociodemographic and illness-related variables.

Conclusions:

  • Illness representations are important factors influencing rehabilitation utilization in multiple sclerosis.
  • Interventions targeting patients' perceptions of their MS may enhance engagement with rehabilitation.
  • Facilitating rehabilitation use through addressing illness beliefs can contribute to improved MS outcomes.