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Published on: May 28, 2013
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Development of the medication adherence estimation and differentiation scale (MEDS)
Amod S Athavale1, John P Bentley2, Benjamin F Banahan2
1a Trinity Partners LLC , Waltham , MA , USA.
Current Medical Research and Opinion
|August 15, 2018
Summary
A new self-reported scale, the Medication Adherence Estimation and Differentiation Scale (MEDS), accurately measures patient adherence. MEDS outperformed existing scales in predicting medication coverage, offering a better tool for assessing adherence.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacoeconomics and Health Outcomes Research
- Psychometrics and Survey Development
- Chronic Disease Management
Background:
- Medication adherence is crucial for managing chronic conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
- Existing self-reported adherence scales have limitations in accurately predicting objective adherence measures.
- The proportion of days covered (PDC) is a reliable objective measure of medication adherence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a novel self-reported measure for medication adherence, the Medication Adherence Estimation and Differentiation Scale (MEDS).
- To compare the predictive ability of MEDS for PDC against established adherence scales.
- To identify specific reasons for medication non-adherence.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional survey was administered to 685 adult patients with diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia at community pharmacies.
- The survey included the newly developed MEDS, the 1986 Morisky scale, and the Medication Adherence Reasons Scale (MAR-Scale).
- Retrospective prescription fill data were used to calculate the proportion of days covered (PDC) as the criterion measure.
Main Results:
- The MEDS demonstrated a robust five-factor structure, including worries about side-effects, addiction, cost, perceived need, and unintentional non-adherence.
- MEDS scores were significantly associated with PDC (unstandardized regression coefficient = -0.50, p < .01).
- MEDS showed superior predictive performance for PDC compared to the 1986 Morisky scale and MAR-Scale (R² = 0.05 vs. 0.02).
Conclusions:
- The Medication Adherence Estimation and Differentiation Scale (MEDS) possesses strong psychometric properties.
- MEDS is a more effective tool for predicting medication adherence (PDC) than the 1986 Morisky scale and MAR-Scale.
- The findings support the use of MEDS for assessing medication adherence and identifying non-adherence reasons in clinical practice.
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