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miRNAs in enterovirus infection

Ilka Engelmann1, Enagnon Kazali Alidjinou1, Antoine Bertin1

  • 1a Laboratoire de Virologie EA3610, Faculté de Médecine, CHU Lille, University of Lille , Lille , France.

Critical Reviews in Microbiology
|August 15, 2018
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) significantly impact viral infections like enteroviruses. This review explores how these infections alter miRNA expression and their potential use as biomarkers and antiviral therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators in physiological and pathological processes.
  • Enterovirus infections cause a spectrum of diseases, from mild to severe, and are linked to chronic conditions.
  • The role of miRNAs in viral pathogenesis is an emerging area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of acute and persistent enterovirus infection on cellular miRNA expression.
  • To examine the regulation of cellular and viral targets by altered miRNAs.
  • To discuss the translational potential of miRNAs as biomarkers and antiviral strategies for enterovirus infections.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating miRNA expression in enterovirus-infected hosts.
  • Analysis of data on miRNA-target interactions in the context of enterovirus infection.
  • Synthesis of findings related to the clinical application of miRNAs in enterovirus disease.

Main Results:

  • Enterovirus infection significantly alters the expression of cellular miRNAs.
  • Dysregulated miRNAs can target both host and viral components, influencing disease progression.
  • Evidence suggests miRNAs play a role in the pathogenesis of both acute and chronic enterovirus infections.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular miRNA expression is profoundly affected by enterovirus infections.
  • miRNAs hold promise as diagnostic biomarkers for enterovirus infections.
  • Targeting miRNAs represents a potential novel antiviral therapeutic strategy against enteroviruses.
Keywords:
MicroRNAacute infectioncoxsackievirusenteroviruspersistent infection

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