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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
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Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Derivation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells from Murine Embryonic Stem Cells
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Serotonin, hematopoiesis and stem cells.

Guillemette Fouquet1, Tereza Coman2, Olivier Hermine3

  • 1Institut Imagine, INSERM U1163 - CNRS ERL8254, Paris, France.

Pharmacological Research
|August 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Peripheral serotonin, produced mainly in the gut, plays crucial roles beyond the brain. Research using knockout mice explores its impact on stem cells and potential therapeutic applications in hematopoietic diseases.

Keywords:
5-Hydroxytryptophan (PubChem CID: 144)Fluoxetine (PubChem CID: 3386)HematopoiesisKynurenine (PubChem CID: 846)SSRISerotoninSerotonin (PubChem CID: 5202)Stem cellTph1TryptophanTryptophan (PubChem CID: 6305)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gastroenterology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Serotonin is primarily known as a central nervous system neurotransmitter, but over 95% is produced peripherally, mainly by gut enterochromaffin cells.
  • Recent advances, including tryptophan hydroxylase (Tph) knockout mice, reveal significant roles for peripherally synthesized serotonin.
  • The Tph1 knockout mouse model offers a unique tool to study serotonin's local effects via microserotonergic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the functions of peripheral serotonin, particularly its influence on progenitor and stem cells.
  • To explore the potential involvement of peripheral serotonin in hematopoietic diseases.
  • To assess the therapeutic potential of targeting the serotonergic system for regulating hematopoiesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on peripheral serotonin.
  • Analysis of data from tryptophan hydroxylase (Tph1 and Tph2) knockout mouse models.
  • Discussion of microserotonergic systems and their cellular targets.

Main Results:

  • Peripheral serotonin significantly impacts progenitor and stem cells, including hematopoietic progenitors.
  • Evidence suggests a role for peripheral serotonin in the pathogenesis of certain hematopoietic diseases.
  • The serotonergic system presents a potential therapeutic target for modulating normal and pathological hematopoiesis.

Conclusions:

  • Peripheral serotonin has critical, previously unsuspected roles in regulating stem and progenitor cell function.
  • Targeting peripheral serotonin pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies for hematopoietic disorders.
  • Further research into microserotonergic systems is warranted to fully understand its implications in health and disease.