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Morph-specific assortative mating in common wall lizard females.

Roberto Sacchi1, Alan Jioele Coladonato1, Michele Ghitti1

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Herpetology

Background:

  • Color polymorphism in species is often linked to diverse reproductive strategies and adaptive optima.
  • Sexual selection can maintain genetic diversity in polymorphic populations, especially when mating is non-random.
  • Previous research on mate choice in polymorphic lizards yielded conflicting results regarding female preference flexibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if female common wall lizards (Podarcis muralis) adjust mate choice based on perceived population density.
  • To determine if females of different color morphs (white or yellow) exhibit specific mating preferences for males of the same or different morphs.
  • To assess the role of sexual selection in maintaining color polymorphism through assortative and non-assortative mating.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental manipulation of perceived population density for female common wall lizards.
  • Observation and analysis of mating preferences between white and yellow female morphs and white and yellow male morphs.
  • Statistical analysis to evaluate the impact of crowding and female morph on mate choice.

Main Results:

  • Perceived crowding did not significantly influence mate choice decisions in female common wall lizards.
  • White females showed a significant preference for associating with white males (assortative mating).
  • Yellow females did not exhibit a significant preference for yellow males, indicating non-assortative mating patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Female common wall lizards do not appear to employ a flexible mate choice strategy influenced by population density.
  • A combination of assortative mating (white females with white males) and non-assortative mating (yellow females) contributes to maintaining color polymorphism.
  • Sexual selection, through these varied mating strategies, plays a role in balancing gene flow and divergence among color morphs.