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Related Concept Videos

Enzymes02:34

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Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
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A composite body is a body made up of multiple parts, connected to form a larger, unified object. Each part has its own weight and center of gravity, which must be considered to determine the center of gravity of the composite body. In cases where the density or specific weight is constant, the center of gravity coincides with the centroid.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Extraction of Structural Extracellular Polymeric Substances from Aerobic Granular Sludge
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Cellular and compositional insight into the sludge dewatering process using enzyme treatment.

Wei Liu1, Xuan Zhong1, Lei Cheng1

  • 1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|August 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Enzymatic treatment using lysozyme effectively removes intracellular water from microbial sludge, improving dewatering. This novel method offers rapid and efficient sludge treatment for disposal.

Keywords:
Dynamic mechanismEPSEnzyme treatmentSludge dewaterabilityTIRF

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Sludge disposal presents challenges, particularly in removing intracellular water from microbial cells.
  • Effective sludge dewatering is crucial for reducing disposal volume and environmental impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel enzymatic treatment method for sludge dewatering.
  • To quantify bacterial cell degradation and intracellular water release using lysozyme and protease.
  • To analyze the impact of enzymatic treatment on extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and dewatering performance.

Main Methods:

  • Enzymatic treatment of sludge using lysozyme and protease.
  • Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy for imaging and quantifying bacterial evolution.
  • Measurement of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) composition.
  • Kinetic analysis of enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

Main Results:

  • Lysozyme demonstrated higher efficacy than protease in degrading bacterial cells and releasing intracellular water.
  • Sludge dewatering performance correlated with intracellular water release and changes in EPS composition.
  • Enzyme-catalyzed reactions were rapid, largely completing within the first hour.

Conclusions:

  • Enzymatic treatment, particularly with lysozyme, is a promising method for enhancing sludge dewatering.
  • Understanding the interplay between cell degradation, EPS modification, and water release is key to optimizing sludge treatment.
  • This study provides methodological insights for efficient sludge disposal.