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Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography of Retinal Circulation
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Optical coherence tomography in acute optic neuritis: A population-based study.

Kerstin Soelberg1,2,3,4,5, Svenja Specovius6,7,8,9, Hanna G Zimmermann6,7,8,9

  • 1Institutes of Regional Health Research and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica
|August 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Optic neuritis (ON) causes significant retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (GCIP) loss, leading to vision impairment. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) effectively monitors this structural damage and vision loss in ON patients.

Keywords:
autoimmune diseasesmultiple sclerosismyelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoantibodiesoptic neuritisoptical coherence tomography

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Autoimmune inflammatory optic neuritis (ON) is a significant cause of vision loss.
  • Early structural damage assessment is crucial for understanding ON progression.
  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers high-resolution imaging of retinal structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify early structural retinal damage in ON using OCT.
  • To correlate structural damage with functional vision outcomes.
  • To assess the utility of OCT in monitoring ON.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, population-based study over 24 months.
  • Inclusion of acute ON patients without prior neuroinflammatory disorders.
  • Assessment using OCT, visual evoked potentials (VEP), visual fields, and visual acuity tests (HCVA, LCLA).

Main Results:

  • Significant peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (16.9 μm) and GCIP (10.6 μm) loss observed.
  • Average GCIP loss of -0.2 μm/day starting 8 days post-onset.
  • OCT outcomes correlated well with visual function; VEP did not.

Conclusions:

  • ON induces substantial retinal damage and vision loss irrespective of the underlying cause.
  • GCIP damage initiation is closely linked to clinical ON onset.
  • OCT is vital for monitoring structural and functional changes in acute ON.