Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Rotation of Asymmetric Top01:11

Rotation of Asymmetric Top

1.6K
By definition, a spherically symmetric body has the same moment of inertia about any axis passing through its center of mass. This situation changes if there is no spherical symmetry. Since most rigid bodies are not spherically symmetric, these require special treatment.
The relationship between the angular momentum of any rigid body and its angular velocity, both of which are vectors, involves the moment of inertia. The moment of inertia is a scalar quantity only for spherically symmetric...
1.6K
Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer01:35

Asymmetric Lipid Bilayer

9.9K
Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
9.9K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

3.9K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.9K
Muscles of the Eye01:20

Muscles of the Eye

4.4K
The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
The six extraocular muscles surround the eyeball and control its movements. They are responsible for a wide range of eye motions, including looking up, down, left, right, and...
4.4K
IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations01:08

IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations

1.8K
Identical bonds within a polyatomic group can stretch symmetrically (in-phase) or asymmetrically (out-of-phase). Similar to hydrogen bonding, these vibrations also influence the shape of the IR peak. Generally, asymmetric stretching frequencies are higher than symmetric stretching frequencies. For example, primary amines exhibit two distinct IR peaks between 3300–3500 cm−1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching, while secondary amines exhibit a single...
1.8K
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

3.7K
Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
3.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ab Initio Binocular Formulation of Listing's Law.

Journal of eye movement research·2026
Same author

Author Correction: New results in stereopsis and Listing's law.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

New results in stereopsis and Listing's law.

Scientific reports·2024
Same author

The horopter: Old and new.

Perception·2023
Same author

A Geometric Theory Integrating Human Binocular Vision With Eye Movement.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2020
Same author

Binocular system with asymmetric eyes: erratum.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
07:45

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

5.0K

Binocular system with asymmetric eyes.

Jacek Turski

    Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision
    |August 16, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a new eye model for binocular geometry, accurately predicting horopters and abathic distance. The model integrates eye movements, enabling potential 3D perceptual stability simulations.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Computational Neuroscience
    • Computer Vision

    Background:

    • Understanding binocular geometry is crucial for visual perception.
    • Existing eye models often simplify corneal and lens alignment, and foveal displacement.
    • Accurate modeling is needed to explain visual phenomena like horopters and perceptual stability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel eye model that incorporates key anatomical features for a more accurate representation of binocular geometry.
    • To investigate how foveal displacement and ocular misalignment affect binocular correspondence and horopter shape.
    • To explore the integration of eye movement (version angle) with binocular geometry for modeling 3D perceptual stability.

    Main Methods:

    • Formulation of a new eye model including temporalward foveal displacement and misalignment of the cornea and lens.

    More Related Videos

    How to Create and Use Binocular Rivalry
    14:34

    How to Create and Use Binocular Rivalry

    Published on: November 10, 2010

    76.7K
    Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients
    07:06

    Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients

    Published on: March 29, 2022

    3.3K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

    Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
    07:45

    Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

    Published on: July 21, 2020

    5.0K
    How to Create and Use Binocular Rivalry
    14:34

    How to Create and Use Binocular Rivalry

    Published on: November 10, 2010

    76.7K
    Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients
    07:06

    Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients

    Published on: March 29, 2022

    3.3K
  • Derivation of binocular correspondence based on the novel eye model.
  • Analysis of longitudinal horopters as conic sections and comparison with empirical data.
  • Examination of abathic distance within the model's parameter range observed in healthy eyes.
  • Integration of the eyes' version angle to specify the orientation of the conic sections.

    • Main Results:

    • The model generates longitudinal horopters that are conic sections, closely resembling empirically observed horopters.
    • When model parameters are within the range of healthy human eyes, the calculated abathic distance aligns with experimental observations.
    • The abathic distance range predicted by the model corresponds to the vergence resting position distance.
    • The orientation of the conic horopters is determined by the eyes' version angle, linking binocular geometry to eye movements.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel eye model provides a more accurate framework for understanding binocular geometry.
    • The model successfully predicts key visual parameters like horopters and abathic distance, validating its biological relevance.
    • Integrating eye movements with binocular geometry opens new avenues for simulating 3D perceptual stability during natural eye motion.