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Prepubertal Children Exposed to Maternal Gestational Diabetes Have Latent Low-Grade Inflammation

Leena Antikainen1,2, Jarmo Jääskeläinen1,2, Henrikki Nordman1,2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.

Hormone Research in Paediatrics
|August 16, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Children exposed to maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) show higher inflammation markers but no differences in weight or metabolism. This suggests ongoing metabolic changes may occur following GDM pregnancy.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and overweight increase offspring risk for obesity and metabolic syndrome.
  • The impact of maternal GDM on prepubertal children's metabolic health and inflammation requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of maternal GDM on prepubertal children's physical growth, body composition, and metabolic and inflammatory markers.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study of 135 prepubertal children (4.4-9.7 years).
  • Compared 77 children exposed to maternal GDM with 58 controls born after normal pregnancies.
  • Assessed height, weight, BMI, blood pressure, glucose, lipids, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in height, weight, BMI, fasting insulin, glucose, lipids, or blood pressure were observed between groups.
  • Children exposed to maternal GDM exhibited significantly higher levels of hs-CRP, a marker of low-grade inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal GDM exposure is associated with elevated low-grade inflammation (hs-CRP) in prepubertal children.
  • No immediate differences in anthropometric measures or metabolic markers were detected, suggesting a potential ongoing process of metabolic alteration.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildGestational diabetesGrowthInflammationMetabolism

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