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Related Concept Videos

Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

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An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
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Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation02:39

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The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...
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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

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Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
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Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

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Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
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Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

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Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
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Quantification of Protein Interaction Network Dynamics using Multiplexed Co-Immunoprecipitation
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Quantification of Protein Interaction Network Dynamics using Multiplexed Co-Immunoprecipitation

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Multiple structural transitions in interacting networks.

Giacomo Rapisardi1, Alex Arenas2, Guido Caldarelli1,3

  • 1IMT School for Advanced Studies, 55100 Lucca, Italy.

Physical Review. E
|August 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We present a new method to analyze interconnected multilayer networks. Our approach reveals multiple structural transitions in network connectivity, improving the design of robust networked systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Network Science
  • Complex Systems
  • Mathematical Physics

Background:

  • Real-world systems are often modeled as interconnected multilayer networks.
  • Understanding how these networks interact is crucial for system analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a perturbative approach for studying interconnected networks.
  • To analyze the structural transitions of algebraic connectivity in multilayer systems.

Main Methods:

  • Perturbation theory applied to interconnected networks.
  • Analysis of algebraic connectivity and Fiedler vectors.
  • Examination of interaction network degree configurations.

Main Results:

  • Identified multiple structural transitions in algebraic connectivity.
  • Showed layer connectivity depends on interaction network degree, not topology.
  • Generalized previous findings of single transition points.

Conclusions:

  • The findings offer insights into designing robust interconnected systems.
  • Perturbation theory can characterize percolation processes in multilayer networks.