Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Data: Types and Distribution01:19

Data: Types and Distribution

1.8K
In biostatistics, data are the observations collected for analysis. There are two main types: parametric and non-parametric. Parametric data, which include continuous (e.g., weight) and discrete numerical data (e.g., number of tablets), assume a particular distribution pattern, often the normal distribution. Non-parametric data do not adhere to a specific distribution and typically comprise nominal (e.g., gender) and ordinal categorical data (e.g., pain scale ratings).
Distributions in...
1.8K
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Causes of Nonlinearity01:22

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Causes of Nonlinearity

740
Nonlinearity in drug pharmacokinetics is caused by various factors influencing how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted. Understanding these nonlinear processes is crucial for predicting drug behavior in the body and optimizing drug dosing regimens.
Nonlinear drug absorption can occur when the process is rate-limited by solubility, carrier-mediated transport systems, or saturation of the presystemic gut wall or hepatic metabolism. For instance, high doses of riboflavin...
740
Drug Distribution as One-Compartment Model and Elimination by Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Overview01:25

Drug Distribution as One-Compartment Model and Elimination by Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Overview

361
Drug administration can occur through various routes, each of which may result in a different process of elimination. This process is often mixed with nonlinear and linear processes. It's important to understand that a single drug can be metabolized into different metabolites through parallel processes.
For instance, consider the metabolism of sodium salicylate. This compound is metabolized into two distinct substances: a glucuronide and a glycine conjugate. The rate of conjugation depends...
361
Average Acceleration01:30

Average Acceleration

14.0K
The importance of understanding acceleration spans our day-to-day experiences, as well as the vast reaches of outer space and the tiny world of subatomic physics. In everyday conversation, to accelerate means to speed up. For instance, we are familiar with the acceleration of our car; the harder we apply our foot to the gas pedal, the faster we accelerate. The greater the acceleration, the greater the change in velocity over a given time. Acceleration is widely seen in experimental physics. In...
14.0K
Average Velocity01:12

Average Velocity

23.7K
To calculate the other physical quantities in kinematics, we must introduce the time variable. The time variable allows us not only to state the position of the object during its motion, but also how fast it is moving. The speed at which an object is moving is given by the rate at which the position changes with time. For each position xi, we assign a particular time ti. If the details of the motion at each instant are not important, the rate is usually expressed as the average velocity. This...
23.7K
Average Value of a Function01:17

Average Value of a Function

64
The average value of a function over a closed interval can be interpreted geometrically as the height of a rectangle whose area equals the net area under the curve across that interval. This net area accounts for both positive and negative contributions of the function, providing a single representative value that reflects the function’s overall behaviorA practical illustration of this idea arises when monitoring the temperature inside a greenhouse over a twenty-four-hour period. Although...
64

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Quality of Life and Associated Factors in Primary Caregivers of Children with Refractory Epilepsy on Long-Term Ketogenic Diet: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Laplacian spectrum constrains collective performance enhancement.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Coexistence of many positive invariant sets in several classes of dynamical systems.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Fuzzy reinforcement learning synchronization of stochastic dynamic networks: An adaptive event-triggered strategy.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society·2026
Same author

Event-triggered pinning synchronization of stochastic complex networks under hybrid attacks.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Gut microbiome in alcohol-associated liver disease: interactions and therapeutic strategies.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents
08:38

A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents

Published on: November 21, 2019

8.2K

Distributed Average Tracking for Lipschitz-Type of Nonlinear Dynamical Systems.

Yu Zhao, Yongfang Liu, Guanghui Wen

    IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics
    |August 17, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces novel distributed average tracking (DAT) algorithms for nonlinear systems. These algorithms enable agents to track average signals effectively, even with unknown system parameters.

    More Related Videos

    Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
    06:46

    Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

    Published on: March 18, 2019

    7.6K
    3D Orbital Tracking in a Modified Two-photon Microscope: An Application to the Tracking of Intracellular Vesicles
    11:28

    3D Orbital Tracking in a Modified Two-photon Microscope: An Application to the Tracking of Intracellular Vesicles

    Published on: October 1, 2014

    10.7K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

    A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents
    08:38

    A System for Tracking the Dynamics of Social Preference Behavior in Small Rodents

    Published on: November 21, 2019

    8.2K
    Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
    06:46

    Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

    Published on: March 18, 2019

    7.6K
    3D Orbital Tracking in a Modified Two-photon Microscope: An Application to the Tracking of Intracellular Vesicles
    11:28

    3D Orbital Tracking in a Modified Two-photon Microscope: An Application to the Tracking of Intracellular Vesicles

    Published on: October 1, 2014

    10.7K

    Area of Science:

    • Control Systems Engineering
    • Nonlinear Dynamics
    • Distributed Systems

    Background:

    • Distributed average tracking (DAT) is crucial for coordinating multiple agents.
    • Existing DAT methods often struggle with nonlinear dynamics and require global information.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop advanced DAT algorithms for Lipschitz-type nonlinear dynamical systems.
    • To enable locally interactive agents to track the average of multiple reference signals.

    Main Methods:

    • Design of a robust DAT algorithm using state-dependent-gain principles, independent of initial conditions.
    • Development of an adaptive DAT algorithm employing gain adaptation, removing the need for global information.
    • Creation of continuous DAT algorithms via time-varying or time-invariant boundary layers as approximations.

    Main Results:

    • The robust DAT algorithm successfully addresses DAT problems without identical initial conditions.
    • The adaptive DAT algorithm eliminates the requirement for agents to know global system parameters.
    • Continuous DAT algorithms offer practical implementation by reducing chattering.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed DAT algorithms are effective for nonlinear systems with Lipschitz-type nonlinearities.
    • The developed algorithms offer robustness, adaptability, and practical implementability for distributed average tracking.