Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 6, 2026

In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation
Published on: March 2, 2021
Performance optimization of 193 nm antireflective coatings with wide incident angle ranges on strongly curved
Abstract:
A method to optimize the spectral performance of 193 nm antireflective (AR) coating with a broad range of angle of incidence (AOI) on strongly curved spherical substrates is described. In this method, the actual film thickness on test plates for single-layer LaF3 and MgF2 films are corrected by measuring the relationship between the film thickness on test plates and that on quartz crystal microbalance. Interface roughness in multi-layer AR coating is obtained from atomic force microscopy measurements and its effect on the spectrum of the multi-layer is taken into account in this method by being simulated as a homogeneous sublayer. Porosities of the sublayers in AR coatings are obtained by reversely engineering the residual reflectance of the coatings/substrate/coating stacks. The obtained refractive indices and thicknesses in the multilayer are then used for analysis and optimization of the spectrum of 193 nm AR coatings. For strongly curved spherical surfaces, spectrum uniformity of the AR coating is optimized by taking into consideration simultaneously the merit functions at different positions of spherical substrates. This work provides a general solution to the performance optimization of 193 nm AR coatings with broad AOI range and on strongly curved spherical substrates.
Related Concept Videos
Angle of Twist - Elastic Range
Spherical Coordinates
Prevalence and Incidence
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Range
15.9; 16.1; 15.2; 14.8; 15.8; 15.9; 16.0; 15.5
Measurements of the amount of soda in a 16-ounce can vary since different subjects record these measurements or since the exact amount - 16 ounces of liquid, was not...
Variation: Normal Distribution, Range, and Standard Deviation
Contact Angle
The adhesive force is the molecular force between molecules of different materials, that is, between the molecules of the solid and the liquid. The cohesive...

