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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Murine Experimental Model of Original Tumor Development and Peritoneal Metastasis via Orthotopic Inoculation with Ovarian Carcinoma Cells
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Multiclonal tumor origin: Evidence and implications.

Barbara L Parsons1

  • 1US Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, 3900 NCTR Rd., Jefferson, AR 72079, United States.

Mutation Research. Reviews in Mutation Research
|August 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Most cancers originate from multiple cell clones, challenging the traditional view of single-cell origin. Understanding multiclonal tumor development is key for cancer risk assessment and precision medicine.

Keywords:
ClonalityMulticlonal tumor originPolyclonalTumor heterogeneityTumor initiationX chromosome inactivation

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Accurate understanding of tumor clonal origins is critical for cancer prevention and risk assessment.
  • The common assumption of monoclonal tumor origin is being challenged by emerging evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence supporting multiclonal tumor origin.
  • To contest the traditional monoclonal origin hypothesis.
  • To integrate multiclonal origin into cancer genesis models.

Main Methods:

  • Review of studies on X chromosome inactivation.
  • Analysis of tumor heterogeneity using various markers.
  • Single-cell sequencing and lineage tracing in animal models.

Main Results:

  • Multiclonality observed across all tumor stages and 53 tumor types.
  • While some myeloid tumors may be monoclonal, most cancers appear multiclonal.
  • Investigative methods have inherent biases against detecting multiclonality.

Conclusions:

  • Most cancers are multiclonal, necessitating revised models for carcinogenesis.
  • Multiclonal origin impacts cancer risk assessment and precision medicine strategies.
  • Advanced tools like lineage tracing are crucial for future oncology advancements.