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Bioactive Sphingolipids, Complement Cascade, and Free Hemoglobin Levels in Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Acute

T Jadczyk1,2, K Baranski3, M Syzdol1

  • 1Division of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Ziołowa 45-47, Katowice, Poland.

Mediators of Inflammation
|August 18, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Inflammatory responses in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery differ. Complement cascade fragments and free hemoglobin levels varied between AMI and CABG patients, impacting bioactive sphingolipid levels.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery trigger sterile inflammation.
  • The complement cascade (CC) and bioactive sphingolipids (BS) are implicated in these inflammatory processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare plasma levels of CC cleavage fragments (C3a, C5a, C5b9), sphingosine (SP), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and free hemoglobin (fHb).
  • To evaluate these markers in patients with AMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) versus stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) patients undergoing CABG.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma samples were collected from 22 AMI patients, 7 CABG patients, and 8 healthy controls at multiple time points post-intervention.
  • High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) measured SP and S1P.
  • High-sensitivity ELISA and spectrophotometry quantified CC fragments and fHb, respectively.

Main Results:

  • CABG patients exhibited higher plasma levels of C3a and C5b9, but lower SP and S1P compared to AMI patients.
  • CC factor levels remained stable in both groups within 48 hours.
  • SP and S1P decreased over 48 hours in AMI patients, while remaining stable post-CABG.
  • Free hemoglobin levels were significantly higher at 24 and 48 hours post-pPCI compared to CABG.

Conclusions:

  • The inflammatory response following AMI and CABG surgery exhibits distinct patterns.
  • Differences were observed in the release of sphingolipids, free hemoglobin, and complement cascade fragments between the two procedures.
Abstract

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