[Progress and application of genome-edited pigs in biomedical research]

Genome editing technologies (GETs) can precisely alter the genomic sequences and modify the genetic information at the target site of an organism. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the GETs, including zinc finger nucleases (ZFN), transcription-activating-like receptor factor (TALEN), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas endonucleases (CRISPR/Cas), have been successively developed. The GETs can easily engineer the targeted genomic site of animals to exhibit a desired phenotype(s), thereby providing valuable tools in biomedical research. The pigs are closely related to human, in terms of similarities in physiological properties and pathogenic characters. Thus, pigs have been used as important animal models in studies of human disease, xenotransplantation, and humanized organs regeneration. In this review, we summarize the development of the three GETs, research progress of genome-edited pigs as disease models and organ donors for xenotransplantation, and the prospects of their applications in future biomedical research.