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    This study validates optical fiber transmission models using the angular spectrum method. Researchers observed expected behavior in multicore fiber couplers but also discovered an unexpected mode, potentially aiding future fiber array designs.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Computational Physics

    Background:

    • Single-mode optical fibers are fundamental to modern communication.
    • Understanding multicore fiber behavior is crucial for advanced optical systems.
    • The angular spectrum method provides a robust framework for analyzing wave propagation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To validate the angular spectrum method for single-mode optical fiber transmission.
    • To investigate the performance of various multicore fiber coupler configurations (1x2, 1x3, 1x5).
    • To explore supermode theory in a 1x3 multicore fiber and identify any anomalous behavior.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized the angular spectrum method to simulate optical fiber transmission.
    • Analyzed energy distribution and propagation in single-mode and multicore fiber designs.
    • Applied supermode theory to understand phase relationships and output characteristics in a 1x3 coupler.

    Main Results:

    • Excellent agreement was found between the angular spectrum method and theoretical solutions for single-mode fibers.
    • Multicore fiber couplers demonstrated expected equal power splitting and return with propagation.
    • An unexpected mode was observed in certain multicore configurations, deviating from predictions.

    Conclusions:

    • The angular spectrum method is a computationally efficient and accurate tool for analyzing optical fiber transmission.
    • The discovery of an unexpected mode in multicore fibers warrants further investigation for potential applications.
    • These findings contribute to the understanding of complex fiber optic systems and pave the way for novel fiber core array designs.