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    We developed an Yb-doped large-mode-area fiber with an elongated non-circular core. This fiber design effectively suppresses bending effects and achieves high output power (191 W) with good beam quality.

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    Area of Science:

    • Fiber optics
    • Laser physics
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • Large-mode-area (LMA) fibers are crucial for high-power lasers.
    • Bending effects in LMA fibers can degrade beam quality and reduce mode area.
    • Non-circular core fibers offer unique properties for managing mode behavior.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate mode-area scaling and bending performance of Yb-doped LMA fibers with elongated non-circular cores.
    • To explore strategies for suppressing bending-induced distortions and achieving high output power.
    • To evaluate the feasibility of confined doping and tandem pumping for mode control.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis of mode-area scaling and bending sensitivity based on fiber aspect ratio.
    • Numerical calculations of mode area, beat length (BL), and mode degeneracy.
    • Fabrication of a non-circular core fiber (41 μm short axis, 120 μm long axis).
    • Experimental evaluation in a linear laser cavity using diode pumping.

    Main Results:

    • Higher aspect ratios reduce sensitivity to bending effects.
    • Mode area scaling is limited by increased beat length, leading to mode degeneracy.
    • Achieved scalable fundamental mode (FM) area up to 3000 μm² within a 100 mm BL.
    • Confined doping effectively facilitates FM operation in bent LMA fibers.
    • Fabricated fiber yielded 191 W maximum output power with ~67% slope efficiency.
    • Output beam quality characterized by M² values of ~1.5 (short axis) and ~3.1 (long axis).

    Conclusions:

    • Elongated non-circular core Yb-doped fibers offer a promising approach for high-power, high-beam-quality lasers.
    • Bending can be managed by orienting the fiber along its short axis, while stretching the long axis enables mode area scaling.
    • Confined doping and tandem pumping are effective strategies for mode control in such fibers.