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Synthesis of matrinic amide derivatives containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole scaffold as insecticidal/acaricidal agents
Min Lv1, Guangci Liu1, Minghong Jia2
1Research Institute of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, College of Crop Protection/Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China.
Abstract:
In continuation of our program aimed at the development of natural product-based pesticidal agents, a series of matrinic amide derivatives containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole scaffold were prepared, and their insecticidal and acaricidal activities were evaluated against Mythimna separata and Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Some compounds exhibited potent insecticidal and acaricidal activities. It suggested that R1 as a nitro group and R2 as a fluorine atom, were important for the insecticidal activity; R1 as the electron-donating groups and R2 as the methyl group, were necessary for the acaricidal activity.
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01:11Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
01:29Preparation of Amides
The DCC-promoted synthesis of amides begins with the protonation of DCC by carboxylic acid. The protonation makes it a better acceptor. Next, the addition of carboxylate to the protonated carbodiimide gives a reactive acylating agent.
Subsequently, the amine acts as a nucleophile that attacks the acylating agent to form a tetrahedral intermediate. In the...
01:28Amides to Carboxylic Acids: Hydrolysis
Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis:
Hydrolysis of amides under acidic conditions yields carboxylic acids. Since the reaction occurs slowly, hydrolysis requires the conditions of heat.
The mechanism begins with the protonation of the carbonyl oxygen by the acid catalyst. The protonation makes the amide carbonyl carbon more...
01:19Amines to Amides: Acylation of Amines
Next, the second equivalent of amine serves as a Brønsted base and deprotonates the quaternary...
01:07Acid Halides to Amides: Aminolysis
In the first step of the aminolysis mechanism, the amine attacks the carbonyl carbon of the acyl chloride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. In the second step, the carbonyl group is re-formed with the elimination of a chloride...
01:15Dehydration Synthesis
Dehydration synthesis (also called a condensation reaction) is the chemical process in which two molecules covalently link together to form a new molecule, along with the release of a water molecule. Many physiologically important compounds form by dehydration synthesis reactions, such as complex carbohydrates, proteins, DNA, and RNA.
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