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Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge01:15

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The utilization of strain gauges as transducers for converting mechanical strain into electrical signals is a common practice in various engineering applications. These strain gauges are frequently integrated into Wheatstone bridge circuits to accurately measure parameters such as force or pressure. Within this context, each element within the circuit exhibits a resistance that undergoes subtle variations when subjected to mechanical strain. The primary objective is to convert minuscule...
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A Faraday disk dynamo is a DC generator, producing an emf that is constant in time. It consists of a conducting disk that rotates with a constant angular velocity in the magnetic field, perpendicular to the disk's plane. The rotation of the disk causes a change in magnetic flux, which induces an emf, causing opposite charges to develop on the rim and in the center of the disk. The polarity of the induced emf can be determined by the direction of the magnetic field and the direction of the...
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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Materials Science
    • Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)

    Background:

    • Developing microscale strain gauges with low power consumption and large strain ranges is crucial for advanced sensing applications.
    • Integrating optical elements into flexible substrates presents unique challenges and opportunities for novel device functionalities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate microscale local strain gauges by integrating microdisk lasers into a deformable and flexible polymer substrate.
    • To investigate the sensitivity of microdisk laser lasing spectra to substrate deformation and strain modulation.
    • To explore the potential of these devices as tunable light sources for integrated photonics and flexible displays.

    Main Methods:

    • Integration of microdisk lasers into a deformable and flexible polymer substrate.
    • Characterization of lasing spectra modulation in response to applied strains.
    • Measurement of relative wavelength tuning and calculation of gauge factors for different microdisk laser sizes.

    Main Results:

    • Microdisk lasers on flexible substrates function as effective strain sensors, showing sensitive spectral shifts with deformation.
    • A linear relationship was observed between strain and wavelength tuning, with gauge factors of approximately 4.0 nm and 6.7 nm per stretching unit for 1.2 μm and 1.5 μm diameter lasers, respectively.
    • Smooth wavelength tuning of 1.5 nm and 2.6 nm was achieved under 36% strain for the respective laser sizes.

    Conclusions:

    • The demonstrated microdisk laser-based strain gauges offer a promising solution for low-power, large-range microscale strain sensing.
    • The tunable lasing characteristics also enable their use as versatile light sources in photonic integrated circuits and flexible laser projection displays.