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Rhythm and Synchrony in a Cortical Network Model.

Logan Chariker1,2, Robert Shapley1,2, Lai-Sang Young3,2

  • 1Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, and.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|August 19, 2018
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Cortical gamma-band activity arises from multidimensional sources, influenced by excitatory and inhibitory inputs. Synaptic rise times significantly impact spike synchrony and power in the visual cortex.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Cortical gamma-band rhythms are crucial for cognitive functions.
  • Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of gamma activity is essential for advancing brain function theories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms of cortical gamma-band activity.
  • To identify neurobiological factors influencing gamma rhythms in the primary visual cortex (V1).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a large-scale, data-driven computational model of monkey V1.
  • Simulation of visual functions and emergent gamma-band activity.
  • Detailed examination of neuronal population spike firing and synaptic inputs during multiple firing events (MFEs).

Main Results:

  • Gamma activity emerged as a property of the model, exhibiting episodic, variable, and stimulus-dependent characteristics.
  • Sources of gamma-band activity were found to be multidimensional, involving recurrent excitation, feedforward, and feedback inputs.
  • The relative rise times of AMPA and GABA synaptic conductances strongly influenced spike synchrony and gamma power.

Conclusions:

  • Cortical gamma-band activity is generated by a complex interplay of excitatory and inhibitory neuronal circuits.
  • Synaptic dynamics, particularly the relative rise times of excitatory and inhibitory conductances, play a critical role in shaping gamma rhythms.
  • Findings from the V1 model offer insights into gamma-band activity across different cortical regions.