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Identifying Candidate Biomarkers for Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Case-Control Study.
Matthew D Morrison1, Linda Jackson-Boeters2, Zia A Khan2
1Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, London Health Sciences Centre, 339 Windermere Road, London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada. matthew.morrison@londonhospitals.ca.
Head and Neck Pathology
|August 19, 2018
Summary
Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common salivary gland tumor. This study found kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are downregulated in PA, but increased KLK1 protein may indicate capsular perforation in these tumors.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign salivary gland neoplasm.
- Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are implicated as biomarkers and in tumor behavior across various human cancers.
- The KLK expression profile in PA remains largely uncharacterized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expression profiles of KLK1-15 in pleomorphic adenoma.
- To determine the correlation between KLK expression and clinicopathological features of PA, such as capsular perforation and tumor size.
Main Methods:
- Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze KLK1-15 mRNA levels in 26 PA specimens and controls.
- Immunohistochemistry was employed to evaluate the protein expression of KLK1, KLK12, KLK13, and KLK8.
- Statistical analyses were conducted to assess the significance of findings (P < .05).
Main Results:
- A significant downregulation of KLK1, KLK12, and KLK13 mRNA was observed in PA tissues compared to controls.
- Immunostaining confirmed the downregulation of KLK1, KLK12, and KLK13 proteins.
- Increased KLK1 protein expression was significantly associated with histologic evidence of capsular perforation, while tumor size did not correlate with capsular invasion.
Conclusions:
- This study provides the first comprehensive KLK expression profile for pleomorphic adenoma at both mRNA and protein levels.
- Downregulation of specific KLKs is characteristic of PA.
- KLK1 protein expression may serve as a potential biomarker for capsular perforation in pleomorphic adenoma, warranting further clinical investigation.
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