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The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
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The Influence of Chronic Pain and Cognitive Function on Spatial-Numerical Processing.

Melanie Spindler1,2, Katharina Koch1, Elena Borisov3

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, Emergency Medicine and Pain Management, Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
|August 21, 2018
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Summary

Chronic pain affects number sense, impacting how patients report pain intensity. This may necessitate new pain assessment tools for chronic pain (CP) patients.

Keywords:
chronic painnumber line tasknumber sensepain assessmentpain rating scales

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Pain Research

Background:

  • Chronic pain (CP) is associated with cognitive changes.
  • Numerical-spatial processing is crucial for pain scale assessments.
  • The impact of CP on number sense remains under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate number sense alterations in CP patients.
  • To determine if altered number sense affects pain assessment validity.
  • To identify patient factors contributing to these changes.

Main Methods:

  • 42 CP patients and 42 matched controls (ages 33-68) were studied.
  • Number line tasks assessed numerical-spatial abilities (position marking, number naming).
  • Pain intensity measured via Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Verbal Rating Scale (VRS), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS); cognitive functions also assessed.

Main Results:

  • CP patients showed greater deviations in number naming compared to controls.
  • VAS scores were higher than NRS and VRS, correlating with position-making deviations.
  • Number naming changes were predicted by pain intensity, sex, and IQ.

Conclusions:

  • CP alters numerical-spatial abilities, specifically number sense.
  • Altered number sense may influence pain intensity reporting.
  • Findings suggest a need for tailored pain assessment tools for CP patients.