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Preparation of Biopolymer Aerogels Using Green Solvents
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CO2-Switchable Solvents as Entrainer in Fluid Separations.

Boelo Schuur1, Mart Nijland1, Marek Blahušiak1

  • 1Sustainable Process Technology Group, University of Twente, Meander building 221, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands.

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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PubMed
Summary

CO2-switchable solvents show promise as entrainers in extractive distillation. However, their operational window is limited by pressure and temperature, making them more suitable for low-temperature applications like liquid-liquid extraction.

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Area of Science:

  • Green Chemistry
  • Separation Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • CO2-switchable solvents offer tunable properties by switching between neutral and ionic states.
  • Their application as entrainers in fluid separations, particularly extractive distillation, is an area of active research.
  • Understanding their switching kinetics and properties is crucial for optimizing separation processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of CO2-switchable solvents as entrainers in extractive distillation.
  • To study the switching mechanism and kinetics of specific CO2-switchable solvents.
  • To determine the operational window and limitations of these solvents in separation applications.

Main Methods:

  • Property screening of CO2-switchable solvents.
  • Mechanistic and kinetic studies on the CO2-induced switching of 2-ethylhexylamine and N,N-benzyl methylamine.
  • Extractive distillation experiments using a heptane/toluene mixture with a switchable solvent blend.

Main Results:

  • CO2-switchable solvents effectively increased the relative volatility of heptane/toluene mixtures, demonstrating applicability in extractive distillation.
  • Decarboxylation kinetics were studied, with a 50 vol% switchable solvent mixture showing significant CO2 release at 1.00 × 10^4 Pa over 2 hours.
  • Low pressure and elevated temperatures were found to accelerate decarboxylation, limiting the operational window.

Conclusions:

  • CO2-switchable solvents are viable entrainers for extractive distillation, enhancing separation efficiency.
  • The operational stability of these solvents is constrained by pressure and temperature, influencing their application range.
  • Low-temperature applications, such as C4-distillations and liquid-liquid extraction, are more suitable for CO2-switchable solvents due to their stability.