Community-based dengue control intervention in Ouagadougou: intervention theory and implementation fidelity

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Tropical Medicine
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Burkina Faso's health focus is malaria control, but a recent dengue epidemic necessitates new interventions.
• This study evaluates an innovative community-based intervention for dengue control in Ouagadougou.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine the implementation fidelity of a novel dengue intervention in Ouagadougou.
• To lay the groundwork for future effectiveness evaluations of the intervention.

Main Methods:

• Intervention theory development through stakeholder consultation.
• Implementation fidelity assessed via observations (n=62), document analysis (n=8), and interviews (n=18).
• Data analyzed using QDA Miner.

Main Results:

• The intervention comprised four components: mobilization, planning, community action, and monitoring.
• Interactions aimed to boost dengue knowledge and community vector control capacity.
• Most planned activities were implemented as intended, with adaptations in execution and monitoring.

Conclusions:

• The community-based intervention demonstrated feasibility for vector-borne disease control in Africa.
• Despite foreseeable and unforeseeable challenges, the intervention's implementation was successful.
• This experience provides a model for developing similar interventions in the region.