Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 6, 2026
07:42
Dual-Task Stroop Paradigm for Detecting Cognitive Deficits in High-Functioning Stroke Patients
Published on: December 16, 2022
3.7K
Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity Predict Topiramate-Related Cognitive Deficits
Christopher M Barkley, Zhenhong Hu1, Ann M Fieberg2
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology
|August 21, 2018
Summary
High working memory capacity (WMC) may predict severe cognitive side effects from medications like topiramate (TPM). This suggests WMC is a clinical risk factor for adverse drug reactions impacting cognition.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Psychology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Topiramate (TPM) and lorazepam (LZP) are common medications linked to cognitive impairment.
- Individual differences in drug side effect profiles are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if working memory capacity (WMC) influences cognitive impairment from TPM and LZP.
- To determine if WMC is a factor in interindividual differences in drug side effect profiles.
Main Methods:
- A double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study with 29 healthy volunteers.
- Subjects received placebo, TPM, or LZP, followed by cognitive testing (verbal working memory task).
- WMC was assessed during placebo, and its role in moderating drug effects was analyzed.
Main Results:
- Both TPM and LZP negatively impacted cognitive task performance.
- TPM-induced cognitive deficits were modulated by WMC.
- Higher WMC correlated with more severe impairments and increased sensitivity to TPM concentrations.
Conclusions:
- High WMC is identified as a potential clinical risk factor for drug-related cognitive adverse events.
- These findings support clinical observations of high-functioning individuals experiencing greater cognitive impairment.
- WMC may predict susceptibility to cognitive side effects of certain medications.
Related Concept Videos
01:47Lung Capacity
56.4K
The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
56.4K
01:38Cognitive Dissonance
37.5K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
37.5K
02:27Predicting Molecular Geometry
46.0K
VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries
46.0K
01:30Impact of Individuals on Individuals
389
Human behavior is intricately shaped by social influences that arise from interactions with others in diverse contexts. These influences not only mold beliefs and attitudes but also drive the regulation of behaviors through both direct communication and observational learning. The study of these processes falls within the domain of social psychology, which seeks to understand how individuals are affected by and affect those around them.Mechanisms of Social InfluenceDirect social influence...
389
01:24Respiratory Capacities
1.5K
Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
1.5K
01:23System of Memory
7.4K
Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...
7.4K