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Updated: Feb 6, 2026
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Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Published on: June 29, 2013
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Essential variables for reporting research studies on fetal growth restriction: a Delphi consensus
A Khalil1,2, S J Gordijn3, I M Beune3
1Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK.
Summary
Researchers established a consensus on essential variables for fetal growth restriction (FGR) studies. This standardized reporting aims to enhance data quality and understanding of FGR research.
Area of Science:
- Perinatal Medicine
- Obstetrics
- Clinical Research Methodology
Background:
- Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a significant concern in perinatal medicine.
- Lack of standardized reporting in FGR research hinders data consistency and interpretation.
- A consensus on essential study variables is needed to improve FGR research quality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish a minimum set of study variables for fetal growth restriction (FGR) research through expert consensus.
- To define essential and recommended parameters for consistent reporting in FGR studies.
Main Methods:
- A Delphi procedure was employed with a panel of 87 FGR research experts.
- Experts rated the importance of variables using online questionnaires over four rounds.
- A 70% agreement threshold determined the selection of essential and recommended parameters.
Main Results:
- Agreement was reached on 16 essential and 30 recommended parameters for FGR studies.
- Essential parameters encompass maternal characteristics, prenatal investigations, management, and outcomes.
- Key essential variables include hypertensive complications, smoking, parity, maternal age, fetal biometry, Doppler indices, and neonatal outcomes.
Conclusions:
- A consensus-driven list of essential and recommended variables for FGR research has been established.
- Uniform reporting of these parameters is expected to improve data quality and consistency.
- Standardized reporting will enhance the overall understanding of fetal growth restriction.
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