Advancing precision medicine with personalized drug screening
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools
Published on: December 28, 2021
Kirill Gorshkov1, Catherine Z Chen1, Raisa E Marshall2
1National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-3375, USA.
Abstract:
Personalized drug screening (PDS) of approved drug libraries enables rapid development of specific small-molecule therapies for individual patients. With a multidisciplinary team including clinicians, researchers, ethicists, informaticians and regulatory professionals, patient treatment can be optimized with greater efficacy and fewer adverse effects by using PDS as an approach to find remedies. In addition, PDS has the potential to rapidly identify therapeutics for a patient suffering from a disease without an existing therapy. From cancer to bacterial infections, we review specific maladies addressed with PDS campaigns. We predict that PDS combined with personal genomic analyses will contribute to the development of future precision medicine endeavors.
Related Concept Videos
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Uncertainty in Measurement: Accuracy and Precision
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
Accuracy and Precision
Personal Identity
Overview of Advanced Functional Groups
Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.

