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Characterizing Single-Molecule Conformational Changes Under Shear Flow with Fluorescence Microscopy
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Shear flow over flexible three-dimensional patches in a surface.

F T Smith1

  • 1Department of Mathematics, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK f.smith@ucl.ac.uk.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|August 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Resonances in shear flow over flexible patches amplify effects, leading to rapid, nonlinear interactions and finite-time break-ups, initiating transition pathways in boundary layers.

Keywords:
flexibilityfloesshear

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Boundary layer theory
  • Nonlinear dynamics

Background:

  • Boundary layers are crucial in fluid mechanics, influencing drag and heat transfer.
  • Understanding flow instabilities is key to predicting transition to turbulence.
  • Flexible surfaces can significantly alter boundary layer behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of slowly varying shear flow on flexible 3D patches within a boundary layer.
  • To identify and analyze resonant phenomena and their consequences.
  • To characterize the transition pathways initiated by these interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulation of fluid-structure interaction.
  • Analysis of flow stability and nonlinear dynamics.
  • Perturbation methods to study resonant effects.

Main Results:

  • Resonances emerge at specific shear values, magnifying flow and patch shape effects by an order of magnitude.
  • Fast, nonlinear unsteady interactions develop following resonant amplification.
  • Finite-time break-ups are observed, leading to a distinct transition path.

Conclusions:

  • Slowly varying shear flow over flexible patches can trigger significant instabilities.
  • Resonant phenomena play a critical role in accelerating the transition process.
  • The study reveals a novel pathway into transition driven by nonlinear interactions and break-ups.