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Updated: Feb 6, 2026

4D Multimodality Imaging of Citrobacter rodentium Infections in Mice
Published on: August 13, 2013
Multimodal imaging signatures in a case of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy
Dhaivat Shah1, Deepika Khedia1, Kumar Saurabh1
1Department of Vitreoretinal Services, Aditya Birla Sankara Nethralaya, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Abstract:
Acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) is a retinal disease characterized by a slow onset loss of retinal function with minimally evident fundus changes. Patients with AZOOR present with initially progressive scotoma and photopsia. Its pathogenesis has not been definitively determined as of yet. Characteristically, the extent of the visual field defect is unexplained by fundus examination, but there is marked retinal dysfunction, which is evident on multimodal imaging and electrophysiological testing. We herein describe multimodal imaging signatures of AZOOR, in a patient of Indian origin, highlighting the hitherto unreported multicolor channels and near-infrared autofluorescence.
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