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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function

A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function

Published on: November 21, 2015

Carbon cycling in temperate grassland under elevated temperature.

Anne B Jansen-Willems^1,2, Gary J Lanigan¹, Ludger Grünhage²

¹Teagasc Johnstown Castle Wexford, Co. Wexford Ireland.

Ecology and Evolution

|August 22, 2018

Summary

Global warming increases soil temperatures, leading to higher carbon dioxide emissions from temperate grasslands. Even with increased photosynthesis, elevated respiration ultimately reduces the land

Keywords:

CO2 elevated temperature grassland heating isotopes net ecosystem exchange respiration

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Ecology
Climate Change Research

Background:

Mean soil surface temperature has risen over the past century and is projected to increase further.
Temperate grasslands are significant carbon sinks, but their response to warming is uncertain.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of elevated soil temperatures on ecosystem carbon fluxes in a temperate grassland.
To quantify changes in ecosystem respiration and net ecosystem exchange under simulated warming conditions.

Main Methods:

A 6-year field experiment using infrared (IR) lamps to induce temperature increments.
Measurement and modeling of ecosystem respiration (R-eco) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) using modified Lloyd and Taylor models.
Analysis of stable isotopes (δ13C and δ18O) to assess photosynthetic activity.

Main Results:

Increased temperatures (2-3°C) led to greater carbon losses, reducing carbon storage potential by approximately 4 tonnes of C ha-1 year-1.
Significant differences in NEE were primarily observed during nighttime, indicating increased respiration.
Elevated temperatures stimulated daytime photosynthesis, but this was insufficient to offset increased respiration over a 24-hour period.

Conclusions:

Warming temperatures in temperate grasslands result in a net loss of carbon due to increased ecosystem respiration.
While photosynthesis may increase, it does not fully compensate for enhanced respiration, leading to reduced carbon sequestration potential.
Understanding these carbon flux dynamics is crucial for predicting grassland responses to climate change.