Multimodal imaging in choroidal osteoma

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Medical Imaging
• Pathology

Background:

• Choroidal osteomas (CO) are rare benign tumors of the choroid.
• Understanding their imaging characteristics is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize choroidal osteomas (CO) using a comprehensive suite of advanced ocular imaging techniques.
• To correlate imaging findings with tumor stage and associated complications.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective observational case series of 11 patients (16 eyes) with diagnosed CO.
• Utilized multimodal imaging including ultrasound, fluorescein angiography (FA), ultra-widefield imaging, OCT, enhanced-depth OCT, and OCT angiography (OCT-A).

Main Results:

• CO exhibited varying degrees of calcification (25% complete, 50% partial, 25% decalcified).
• Associated findings included choroidal neovascularization (18.75%), focal choroidal excavation (12.5%), choroidal depression (18.75%), and outer retinal thinning (75%).
• Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) showed decreased fluorescence in decalcified areas and preserved fluorescence in calcified regions.

Conclusions:

• Multimodal imaging provides critical insights into choroidal osteoma stages and progression.
• Progressive decalcification may contribute to focal choroidal excavation or depression.
• OCT-A and FA are valuable for detecting choroidal neovascularization in CO.