Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Author Spotlight: Simulating Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Using a Neonatal Piglet Model
04:55

Author Spotlight: Simulating Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Using a Neonatal Piglet Model

Published on: May 26, 2023

1.4K

Lower Regional Pediatric In-hospital Mortality Albeit Racial/ethnic Disparities

Laurens Holmes1, Isabel Morgan2, Brianne Earnest3

  • 1Office of Health Equity & Inclusion, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington/Newark, DE, USA; University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.

Journal of the National Medical Association
|August 22, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric in-hospital mortality was low, with initial racial disparities that disappeared after accounting for factors like illness severity and insurance. Addressing social determinants of health is key to improving child survival rates.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Health Disparities Research
  • Social Determinants of Health

Background:

  • Pediatric morbidity and mortality are influenced by social determinants of health, including health inequities.
  • Understanding racial/ethnic disparities in pediatric mortality is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the cumulative incidence of pediatric mortality.
  • To identify and analyze racial/ethnic disparities in pediatric mortality.
  • To determine predisposing factors contributing to these disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 16,121 pediatric patient records from Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children (2009-2010).
  • Examination of in-hospital mortality rates and prevalence odds ratios (POR) across racial/ethnic groups.
  • Statistical control for confounders including severity of illness, insurance status, and length of stay.

Main Results:

  • In-hospital pediatric mortality incidence was 0.49% (80 deaths), lower than the U.S. national average (0.8%-1.1%).
  • Higher mortality was observed in Black/African American and 'some other race' groups compared to White/Caucasian patients.
  • After adjusting for confounders, racial differences in pediatric mortality were no longer statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • The study region demonstrated a low in-hospital pediatric mortality rate.
  • While initial racial disparities in mortality were observed, they did not persist after controlling for key confounding factors.
  • Findings underscore the importance of social determinants of health, quality care, insurance, and early diagnosis in mitigating pediatric morbidity and mortality.
Abstract

Keywords:
Health disparitiesInsurance coveragePediatric mortalityRace/ethnicitySocial determinants of health

More Related Videos

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation11:19

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation

Published on: January 17, 2011

18.6K
Making MR Imaging Child's Play - Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure15:18

Making MR Imaging Child's Play - Pediatric Neuroimaging Protocol, Guidelines and Procedure

Published on: July 30, 2009

18.7K

Related Concept Videos

Hospitals-II00:59

Hospitals-II

Hospitals provide inpatient and outpatient services. Inpatient services provide care to patients that stay in the hospital for an extended period, ranging from days to months. Examples of inpatient services include intensive care units, hospital wards, or surgeries. Outpatient services provide care to patients who come to a hospital for a diagnostic or treatment but do not stay overnight —for example, diagnostic tests, surgical procedures, or health education.
Nurses that work in...
1.2K
Hospitals-I01:28

Hospitals-I

Hospitals offer medical and surgical care to the sick and injured, along with accommodation while they recover. At the same time, they also provide outpatient, emergency, psychiatric, and rehabilitation services to meet various community needs. In addition to providing medical care, hospitals also act as hubs for medical research and training. Hospitals use clinical procedures and evidence-based practice standards to deliver patient care. To deliver safe and efficient care, a nurse must stay up...
1.7K
Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture01:27

Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture

Adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds face a multifaceted journey in forming their identities, shaped by the intersections of cultural expectations and personal exploration. For these adolescents, identity formation involves not only typical developmental challenges but also navigating the perceptions and attitudes of the majority culture. As they grow, adolescents in ethnic minority groups often become increasingly aware of stereotypes, social biases, and discrimination, all of which...
344
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
2.0K
The Eukaryotic Promoter Region02:40

The Eukaryotic Promoter Region

The eukaryotic promoter region is a segment of DNA located upstream of a gene. It contains an RNA polymerase binding site, a transcription start site, and several cis-regulatory sequences.  The proximal promoter region is located in the vicinity of the gene and has cis-regulatory sequences and the core promoter. The core promoter is the binding site for RNA polymerase and is usually located between -35 and +35 nucleotides from the transcription start site. The distal promoter regions are...
18.9K
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
266