Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Measurement of Fluid Pressure01:16

Measurement of Fluid Pressure

647
Fluid pressure is commonly measured using devices called manometers, which rely on liquid columns to indicate pressure differences. The height of a liquid column in a manometer reflects the pressure exerted by the fluid, providing a simple yet effective means of measurement. Different types of manometers serve specific purposes based on their configurations and the type of fluids involved.
A basic form of manometer is the piezometer, a vertical tube open at the top and filled with the same...
647
Coefficient of Variation01:10

Coefficient of Variation

8.7K
The coefficient of variation measures the dispersion of the data points or distribution around the mean. Using the coefficient of variation, we can compare two data series with drastically different means or different units of measurement. The coefficient of variation for a sample and a population is expressed as a percentage of the ratio of standard deviation to the mean.
The coefficient of variation is a practical statistical tool in finance. It allows investors to assess the volatility or...
8.7K
Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

3.2K
The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
3.2K
Coefficient of Correlation01:12

Coefficient of Correlation

8.7K
The correlation coefficient, r, developed by Karl Pearson in the early 1900s, is numerical and provides a measure of strength and direction of the linear association between the independent variable x and the dependent variable y.
If you suspect a linear relationship between x and y, then r can measure how strong the linear relationship is.
What the VALUE of r tells us:
The value of r is always between –1 and +1: –1 ≤ r ≤ 1.
The size of the correlation r indicates the...
8.7K
Confidence Coefficient01:24

Confidence Coefficient

10.7K
The confidence coefficient is also known as the confidence level or degree of confidence. It is the percent expression for the probability, 1-α, that the confidence interval contains the true population parameter assuming that the confidence interval is obtained after sufficient unbiased sampling; for example, if the CL = 90%, then in 90 out of 100 samples the interval estimate will enclose the true population parameter. Here α is the area under the curve, distributed equally under...
10.7K
Thermodynamics: Activity Coefficient01:24

Thermodynamics: Activity Coefficient

2.9K
Activity is the measure of the effective concentration of the species in solution. It can be expressed as the product of the molar concentration of the species and its activity coefficient. The activity coefficient is a dimensionless quantity and depends on the total ionic strength of the solution.
The activity coefficient is a measure of the deviation from ideal behavior. When the ionic strength of the solution is minimal, the activity coefficient of an ionic species is close to unity, making...
2.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ultrasensitive Chemical Detection Using Integrating Cavity-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same author

Ultraviolet (250-550  nm) absorption spectrum of pure water.

Applied optics·2016
Same author

Robust commercial diffuse reflector for UV-VIS-NIR applications.

Applied optics·2015
Same author

Diffuse reflecting material for integrating cavity spectroscopy, including ring-down spectroscopy.

Applied optics·2015
Same author

Ultrasensitive detection of waste products in water using fluorescence emission cavity-enhanced spectroscopy.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2014
Same author

Studies on some of the inherent optical properties of natural waters [invited].

Applied optics·2013

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 6, 2026

Field Measurement of Effective Leaf Area Index using Optical Device in Vegetation Canopy
06:28

Field Measurement of Effective Leaf Area Index using Optical Device in Vegetation Canopy

Published on: July 29, 2021

3.9K

Integrating cavity device for measuring the optical backscattering coefficient in a fluid.

Eleonora Figueroa Broiles, Michael Cone, Cristina Orrico

    Applied Optics
    |August 22, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new instrument directly measures the backscattering coefficient (bb) in water with high accuracy. This true bb meter requires no assumptions about particle scattering, enabling reliable oceanic measurements.

    More Related Videos

    Non-invasive Optical Measurement of Cerebral Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Infants
    11:39

    Non-invasive Optical Measurement of Cerebral Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Infants

    Published on: March 14, 2013

    21.1K
    Maintenance of a Lateral Fluid Percussion Injury Device
    05:16

    Maintenance of a Lateral Fluid Percussion Injury Device

    Published on: April 21, 2023

    1.4K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Feb 6, 2026

    Field Measurement of Effective Leaf Area Index using Optical Device in Vegetation Canopy
    06:28

    Field Measurement of Effective Leaf Area Index using Optical Device in Vegetation Canopy

    Published on: July 29, 2021

    3.9K
    Non-invasive Optical Measurement of Cerebral Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Infants
    11:39

    Non-invasive Optical Measurement of Cerebral Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Infants

    Published on: March 14, 2013

    21.1K
    Maintenance of a Lateral Fluid Percussion Injury Device
    05:16

    Maintenance of a Lateral Fluid Percussion Injury Device

    Published on: April 21, 2023

    1.4K

    Area of Science:

    • Ocean optics
    • Light scattering in natural waters
    • In-situ optical instrumentation

    Background:

    • Accurate measurement of the backscattering coefficient (bb) is crucial for understanding marine optical properties.
    • Existing methods often rely on assumptions about scattering phase functions or particle characteristics.
    • A direct measurement of bb, independent of scattering models, is needed for robust oceanic applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present the design and development of a novel instrument for the direct measurement of the backscattering coefficient (bb).
    • To achieve high accuracy (<1%) in bb determination.
    • To create an instrument compatible with routine oceanic deployment.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a custom integrating cavity to capture light scattered in the backward hemisphere.
    • Design minimizes reflection losses using a concave quartz aperture.
    • The instrument provides a direct linear output signal proportional to bb.

    Main Results:

    • The developed instrument directly measures bb without assumptions on scattering phase functions or particulates.
    • Achieved accuracy of <1% for the backscattering coefficient.
    • Demonstrated compatibility with various oceanic deployment scenarios.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel bb meter offers the first direct and highly accurate measurement of the backscattering coefficient in aquatic environments.
    • This instrument advances the capability for in-situ optical measurements in the ocean.
    • The technology supports improved understanding of light scattering and its impact on marine ecosystems.