Vasopressin Administration Is Associated With Rising Serum Lactate Levels in Patients With Sepsis

Vasopressin is used in conjunction with norepinephrine during treatment of patients with septic shock. Serum lactate is often used in monitoring of patients with sepsis; however, its importance as a therapeutic target is unclear. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship of vasopressin use on serum lactate levels in patients with sepsis.

This study uses electronic heath records available via the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III. Patients were required to have a serum lactate monitoring during the intensive care unit (ICU) stay. The treatment was the administration of vasopressin between hours 3 and 18 of the ICU stay. Analysis was performed using a matched design.

Patients receiving vasopressin were more likely to have their serum lactate levels rise when compared to matched patients who did not receive vasopressin (odds ratio: 6.6; 95% confidence interval: 3.0-14.6, P < .001). Patients who received vasopressin had a median increase in serum lactate of 0.3 mmol/L, while patients who did not receive vasopressin had a median decrease in serum lactate of 0.7 mmol/L (P < .001). There was no statistically significant difference between the control and treated groups' lactate trajectories prior to possible administration of vasopressin (P = .15). The results did not change significantly when norepinephrine initiation was used as the index time.

In patients with sepsis, the administration of vasopressin was associated with a statistically significant difference in lactate change over the course of 24 hours when compared to matched patients who did not receive vasopressin.