[Circulating tumour DNA: Current detection methods, use in radiotherapy and future development]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Molecular Diagnostics
• Radiotherapy

Background:

• Technological advancements allow for the detection and quantification of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in blood.
• ctDNA analysis has significant potential clinical implications, especially for cancers targeted with curative intent.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the principles and applications of ctDNA detection and quantification.
• To discuss the current methods for detecting ctDNA.
• To explore the role of ctDNA in oncology, with a specific focus on radiotherapy.

Main Methods:

• Review of current scientific literature on ctDNA detection methods.
• Analysis of the clinical implications of ctDNA in cancer treatment paradigms.
• Discussion of ctDNA's role in the context of radiotherapy.

Main Results:

• ctDNA detection is a rapidly evolving field with potential applications across the cancer treatment continuum (pre-treatment, during, and post-treatment).
• Existing limitations necessitate further development for widespread clinical adoption.
• The integration of ctDNA into clinical practice, particularly in radiotherapy, is under active investigation.

Conclusions:

• Circulating tumor DNA analysis holds significant promise for transforming cancer care.
• Understanding ctDNA detection principles and applications is essential for its effective clinical use.
• Further research is needed to overcome current limitations and fully realize the potential of ctDNA in oncology and radiotherapy.