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BRCAness and prostate cancer: diagnostic and therapeutic considerations

Mallika Dhawan1, Charles J Ryan2

  • 1Genitourinary Medical Oncology, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA.

Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases
|August 23, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Genetic sequencing can identify DNA repair mutations in metastatic prostate cancer. This information guides treatment decisions, potentially including Poly ADP Ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and other therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Advances in genetic sequencing and Poly ADP Ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have increased interest in DNA repair mutations in prostate cancer.
  • Prostate cancer research is increasingly focused on the role of DNA repair deficiencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence and detection of DNA repair mutations in metastatic prostate cancer.
  • To explore the clinical course and therapeutic strategies for patients with these mutations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of ongoing studies and recent publications.
  • Discussion of diagnostic approaches including germline and somatic sequencing, cell-free DNA assays, and circulating tumor cell assays.

Main Results:

  • Identification of DNA repair mutations is crucial for treatment decisions in metastatic prostate cancer.
  • Multiple diagnostic methods are available for detecting these mutations.

Conclusions:

  • Germline and somatic sequencing are recommended for men with metastatic prostate cancer to guide treatment with agents like PARP inhibitors or carboplatin.
  • Cell-free DNA sequencing may reveal resistance mechanisms in advanced prostate cancer treated with PARP inhibitors.

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