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All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
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The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
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Dynamic Lung Tumor Tracking for Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiation Therapy
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Breast Reconstruction and Radiation Therapy.

Johanna H Yun1, Roberto Diaz2, Amber G Orman2

  • 11 Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.

Cancer Control : Journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center
|August 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Choosing breast reconstruction after radiation therapy involves balancing surgical outcomes, patient satisfaction, and quality of life. Autologous reconstruction generally offers better long-term results than implant-based methods following postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT).

Keywords:
PMRTautologous reconstructionbreast reconstructionimplant reconstructionquality of life

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Plastic Surgery
  • Radiation Oncology

Background:

  • Postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) is a critical component of breast cancer treatment.
  • The integration of breast reconstruction with PMRT presents unique challenges and considerations.
  • Optimal timing and techniques for reconstruction following PMRT are not definitively established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize current literature on breast reconstruction methods used in conjunction with PMRT.
  • To compare the outcomes of different reconstruction techniques in the context of PMRT.
  • To inform clinical decision-making regarding breast reconstruction after mastectomy and radiation.

Main Methods:

  • A literature review of PubMed from 2000 to 2016.
  • Studies focusing on postmastectomy breast reconstruction and PMRT were selected.
  • Surgical outcomes, patient satisfaction, and cost-effectiveness were key parameters examined.

Main Results:

  • Implant-based reconstruction is increasing, offering immediate mound formation and lower short-term costs.
  • Autologous reconstruction, particularly with deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps, demonstrates superior quality of life, sensory recovery, and fewer complications compared to implant-based methods post-PMRT.
  • Two-stage tissue expander-implant techniques can yield good cosmetic results but carry risks.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of breast reconstruction technique should be individualized, considering surgical, cosmetic, quality of life, and survival factors.
  • Autologous reconstruction appears to offer better long-term outcomes for patients undergoing PMRT.
  • Further research is needed to determine the optimal timing for delayed autologous reconstruction after radiation therapy.