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Yoga Education Program for Improving Memory in Older Adults: A Multicity 5-Year Follow-Up Study
1Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India.
Summary
Yoga education programs (YEP) significantly enhance memory and cognitive functions in older adults. Self-practice emerged as the strongest predictor of YEP effectiveness, suggesting personalized engagement is key for cognitive health.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Public Health
Background:
- Aging populations worldwide face cognitive decline.
- Non-pharmacological interventions are sought to maintain cognitive function in older adults.
- Yoga Education Programs (YEP) show potential for cognitive enhancement.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the long-term effects of a Yoga Education Program (YEP) on memory and cognitive functions in community-dwelling older adults.
- To identify personal resources that influence the effectiveness of YEP.
- To examine moderators of YEP effectiveness over a 5-year period.
Main Methods:
- A multicity randomized controlled trial involving 918 older adults (792 completing 5 years).
- Intervention group received weekly YEP lessons and encouraged self-practice.
- Cognitive function assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test-Third Edition (RBMT-3).
Main Results:
- Weekly YEP lessons and self-practice led to significant improvements in MMSE and RBMT-3 scores.
- Demographic factors such as Asian city residence, female gender, specific religious affiliations, higher education, and living arrangements were associated with greater responsiveness.
- Regular attendance and, most notably, self-practice were identified as strong moderators of YEP effectiveness.
Conclusions:
- YEP is an effective intervention for improving cognitive functions and memory in older adults.
- Personal factors and consistent engagement, particularly self-practice, significantly enhance YEP outcomes.
- Cultural adaptations may broaden the applicability and impact of YEP in diverse populations.
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