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Failure of correlation between in vitro and in vivo effect of T and B cell mitogens in the mouse
Abstract:
T and B cell mitogens as PHA, PWM, LPS, SIII, DS, PVP were investigated in vitro in direct MI assay with mouse PECs as well as in vivo for their phagocytosis-enhancing capacity. All mitogens induced a dose-dependent MI although of differing degrees. In contrast, a phagocytosis-stimulating effect in vivo could be observed only by using the mitogens of bacterial origin such as LPS and SIII; the other mitogens induced, however, rather a loss of phagocytosis, although a cellular reaction in the sense of an increased PEC number was partly registered. The reactivity of PEC to LPS but not to PHA disappeared in the MI assay after foregoing desensitization of mice with the corresponding mitogen, suggesting the existence of a cellular immunity against the bacterial antigen. The importance of the induction of cell-mediated events in infection immunity in a classical immunological way will be discussed.
Insights
Bacterial mitogens like LPS and SIII enhance phagocytosis in vivo, while others do not. Desensitization suggests cellular immunity against bacterial antigens, impacting immune responses.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Mitogens are substances that induce cellular proliferation and activation.
- Understanding how different mitogens affect immune cell functions, like phagocytosis, is crucial for infection immunity research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the in vitro and in vivo effects of various T and B cell mitogens on phagocytosis.
- To explore the potential for cellular immunity against bacterial antigens.
Main Methods:
- In vitro direct migration inhibition (MI) assay using mouse peritoneal exudate cells (PECs).
- In vivo assessment of phagocytosis-enhancing capacity of mitogens.
- Desensitization of mice with specific mitogens (LPS, PHA) followed by MI assay.
Main Results:
- All tested mitogens (PHA, PWM, LPS, SIII, DS, PVP) induced dose-dependent MI in vitro.
- Only bacterial mitogens (LPS, SIII) showed a phagocytosis-stimulating effect in vivo.
- Desensitization to LPS abolished PEC reactivity in the MI assay, indicating cellular immunity to bacterial antigens.
Conclusions:
- Bacterial mitogens possess unique in vivo phagocytosis-enhancing properties.
- Cell-mediated immunity plays a significant role in classical immunological responses to infection.
- Differential effects of mitogens highlight specific pathways in immune modulation.
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