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Hierarchical Assemblies of Supramolecular Coordination Complexes.

Sougata Datta¹, Manik Lal Saha¹, Peter J Stang¹

¹Department of Chemistry , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020 , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States.

Accounts of Chemical Research

|August 23, 2018

Summary

Hierarchical self-assembly (HAS) utilizes dynamic supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs) to create advanced nanoarchitectures. These systems offer tunable properties for applications in sensing and drug delivery.

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Area of Science:

Supramolecular Chemistry
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Hierarchical self-assembly (HAS) is a multilevel process for organizing molecular units into complex structures.
Supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs) offer well-defined cores for constructing HAS systems.
Existing HAS strategies can be simplified using dynamic SCC cores.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize recent strategies for preparing SCC-based HAS.
To illustrate the combination of dynamic coordination with other interactions for novel properties.
To highlight applications in sensing, materials science, and theranostics.

Main Methods:

Utilizing coordination-driven self-assembly combined with hydrogen bonding or host-guest interactions.
Hybridizing SCCs with dynamic covalent networks for self-healing materials.
Employing electrostatic interactions between charged SCCs and other molecules.
Tuning hydrophilic/lipophilic balance in SCCs for ordered nanostructures.
Incorporating stimuli-responsive elements (heat, light, pH, redox) for reversible polymorphism.

Main Results:

Dual orthogonal interactions yield robust supramolecular gels.
Hybridization leads to materials with self-healing capabilities.
Charge-driven assembly enables interactions with biological/abiological molecules.
Tunable nanostructures with reversible phase transitions (micellar, nanofiber, vesicular) are achieved.
SCC-based HAS exhibit enhanced luminescence for sensitive analyte detection.
Theranostic SCC-HAS systems show promise for cooperative cancer therapy and drug release.

Conclusions:

SCC-based HAS provide a versatile platform for creating functional soft-matter nanoarchitectures.
The dynamic nature of SCCs allows for stimuli-responsive materials with tunable properties.
These systems hold significant potential for advanced applications in sensing, materials, and biomedicine, particularly in cancer theranostics.