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Eugenics Redux: "Reproductive Benefit" as a Rationale for Newborn Screening.

Diane B Paul

    The Hastings Center Report
    |August 23, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Newborn screening

    Area of Science:

    • Genetics
    • Public Health
    • Bioethics

    Background:

    • Newborn screening programs have expanded to include conditions with questionable treatment efficacy.
    • A new rationale for screening involves potential reproductive benefits for parents, identifying genetic conditions or carrier status in infants.
    • This rationale has led to criticism, with newborn screening being accused of resembling state-sanctioned eugenics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the evolving rationales for newborn screening.
    • To examine the ethical implications of using reproductive risk as a justification for newborn screening.
    • To assess the impact of these ethical debates on the reputation of newborn screening programs.

    Main Methods:

    • Conceptual analysis of the historical development and ethical underpinnings of newborn screening.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of literature discussing the rationale for expanded newborn screening and its societal perceptions.
  • Examination of the 'state-sanctioned eugenics' critique in the context of reproductive benefits.

    • Main Results:

    • The expansion of newborn screening has introduced new justifications, including parental reproductive benefits.
    • Invoking reproductive risk has inadvertently exposed newborn screening to accusations of eugenics.
    • This controversy has negatively impacted the public perception and reputation of newborn screening initiatives.

    Conclusions:

    • The rationale of reproductive benefit in newborn screening has created an ethical paradox, linking it to eugenics.
    • This perceived association has caused significant reputational damage to established newborn screening programs.
    • Careful consideration of ethical implications is crucial for maintaining public trust in newborn screening.