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Promoting Adult Immunization Using Population-Based Data for a Composite Measure.

Angela K Shen1, Walter W Williams2, Alissa C O'Halloran2

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This study assessed adult vaccination coverage using survey data. A composite measure showed varied coverage rates, highlighting the need for improved adult immunization status tracking.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • A composite adult immunization status measure is being considered for the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS).
  • This research evaluates the utility of survey-based self-reported vaccination data for assessing composite adult immunization coverage.
  • It also identifies limitations associated with using survey data for measuring progress in adult vaccination rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess composite adult immunization coverage using self-reported data from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey.
  • To identify potential limitations of using survey data for measuring adult vaccination progress.
  • To inform the potential adoption of a composite adult immunization status measure into HEDIS.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 2015 National Health Interview Survey data.
  • Calculated composite estimates for selected adult vaccines (Tdap, herpes zoster, pneumococcal, influenza) for adults aged 19 years and older.
  • Analyzed coverage across different age groups: 19-59, 60-64, and ≥65 years.

Main Results:

  • Composite coverage for Tdap (10-year) and influenza vaccination was 11.9% overall.
  • Excluding influenza, composite coverage for Tdap was 20.7%.
  • Composite coverage for any Td-containing vaccine (10-year) and influenza was 23.4%; excluding influenza, it was 51.4%.

Conclusions:

  • Survey-based vaccination data may present under- or over-estimation of actual coverage.
  • The majority of adults require at least one additional vaccination, indicating a need for improved vaccination rates.
  • A composite measure offers a unified focus to encourage adherence to recommended standards of care for adult immunization.