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The human body is a powerhouse of energy, with every cell performing numerous functions that require energy. This energy production and consumption is measured by the metabolic rate, which quantifies the total heat generated by all the body's chemical reactions and mechanical work. This measurement helps to determine the rate of kilocalorie (kcal) consumption needed to fuel all ongoing activities.
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Polarimetry finds application in chemical kinetics to measure the concentration and reaction kinetics of optically active substances during a chemical reaction. Optically active substances have the capability of rotating the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light passing through them—a feature called optical rotation. Optical activity is attributed to the molecular structure of substances. Normal monochromatic light is unpolarized and possesses oscillations of the electrical...
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Metabolic rates, climate and macroevolution: a case study using Neogene molluscs.

Luke C Strotz1,2, Erin E Saupe3, Julien Kimmig2

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA lukestrotz@ku.edu.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|August 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Higher basal metabolic rates (BMRs) in fossil molluscs predicted extinction risk. This finding links organismic metabolism to macroevolutionary dynamics and could inform future extinction predictions.

Keywords:
bivalvebody sizeextinctiongastropodhierarchytemperature

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Area of Science:

  • Paleontology
  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Basal metabolic rate (BMR) influences organism resource use and senescence.
  • Differences in energy maintenance requirements may predict species extinction likelihood.
  • Linking organismic ecology to macroevolutionary dynamics is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test if BMR predicts extinction likelihood in fossil species.
  • To investigate the relationship between metabolic rate and species survival through time.
  • To explore the link between organismic properties and macroevolutionary patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Calculated species-specific BMRs for fossil molluscs (bivalves and gastropods) from the Western Atlantic.
  • Used body size, ocean temperature (HadCM3 model), and relevant equations to derive BMRs.
  • Analyzed BMRs in relation to species survival and extinction through the Neogene.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant difference in metabolic rate was found between extinct and surviving bivalve and gastropod taxa.
  • Organismic metabolic rate appears to scale up to species survival in these communities.
  • No significant differences in metabolic rates were observed at the assemblage level across different time intervals.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolic rate is a potential metric for predicting extinction patterns.
  • Changes in global climate may influence individual lifespan and species extinction.
  • Neogene mollusc communities may have remained energetically stable despite extinctions.